Windsor Castle - Setting Study
Windsor Castle - Setting Study
We produced a report, commissioned by Historic England and Slough Borough Council, to respond to increasing development pressures on Windsor Castle - the world’s oldest and largest occupied castle.
Founded around 1070 by William the Conqueror, the Castle is central to British history, monarchy, and ceremonial life and has served both defensive and symbolic roles for nearly a millennium. Today, it remains a working royal residence and a powerful emblem of national heritage.
The Castle’s location—on a chalk ridge overlooking the River Thames—was chosen for strategic advantage and dominance over the landscape. It forms part of a rich historic ensemble including the Grade I listed Home Park and Great Park, St George’s Chapel, and the town of Windsor. Its architectural and landscape evolution—from medieval fortification to Georgian-Gothic residence—reflects broader historical trends and changing perceptions of the monarchy. This setting contributes profoundly to its heritage significance, offering views both to and from the Castle across the Thames Valley. It is a key visual marker in the region, seen from locations as distant as Richmond Hill and the Chilterns.
Safeguarding this context is essential for conserving its cultural and architectural importance for future generations. Growing development pressure, particularly in Slough, risks impacting the Castle’s outstanding heritage significance. Our report explored how and why the setting of Windsor Castle is important and the way in which it contributes to the Castle’s exceptional historic significance. The study used sixteen representative views and a Zone of Theoretical Visibility model to assess visual impact and provide clear baseline information to guide new development.
The report can be used to serve as a material consideration for local authorities (principally Slough Borough Council) in protecting and enhancing this heritage landscape.
Client: Historic England and Slough Borough Council